Model-Free Approach to Evaluate a Censored Intermediate Outcome as a Surrogate for Overall Survival.

ABSTRACT: Clinical trials or studies oftentimes require long-term and/or costly follow-up of participants to evaluate a novel treatment/drug/vaccine. There has been increasing interest in the past few decades in using short-term surrogate outcomes as a replacement for the primary outcome, that is, in using the surrogate outcome, which can potentially be observed sooner, to make inferences about the treatment effect on the long-term primary outcome. Very few of the available statistical methods to evaluate a surrogate are applicable to settings where both the surrogate and the primary outcome are time-to-event outcomes subject to censoring. Methods that can handle this setting tend to require parametric assumptions or be limited to assessing only the restricted mean survival time. In this paper, we p

SUBMITTER: Wang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12551741 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature