Multi-gene expression assays in breast cancer: a literature review.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objective

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide and is characterized by marked inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity, which poses challenges for accurate prognosis and optimal treatment selection when relying solely on traditional clinicopathological factors. Multi-gene expression assays, such as Oncotype DX, MammaPrint, and Prosigna, have emerged as valuable tools that integrate molecular profiling into clinical decision-making, offering refined prognostic and predictive insights. This review aims to summarize their development, validation, clinical utility, limitations, and future directions.

Methods

A comprehensive narrative review was conducted through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science [2000-2024] to identify original studies,

SUBMITTER: Hsieh TY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12554515 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature