Mental health symptoms and associated factors for general population at the stable, recurrence, and end-of-emergency stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: a repeated national cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated psychological distress, but limited information is available on the shifts in mental health symptoms and their associated factors across different stages. This study was conducted to more reliably estimate shifts in mental health impacts and to identify factors associated with symptoms at different pandemic stages.

Methods

We performed a national repeated cross-sectional study at stable (2021), recurrence (2022), and end-of-emergency (2023) stages based on representative general national population with extensive geographic coverage. Anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and insomnia symptoms were evaluated by GAD-7, PHQ-9, IES-R and ISI scales, respectively, and their associated factors were identified via multivar

SUBMITTER: Wang S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12555081 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature