Parental Language Mixing in Montreal: Rates, Predictors, and Relation to Infants' Vocabulary Size.

ABSTRACT: Language mixing is a common feature of bilingual communication, yet its predictors and effects on children's vocabulary development remain debated. Most research has been conducted in contexts with clear societal and heritage languages, leaving open questions about language mixing in environments with two societal languages. Montreal provides a unique opportunity to examine this question, as both French and English hold societal status, while many families also maintain heritage languages. Using archival data from 398 bilingual children (7-34 months), we looked at French-English bilinguals (representing societal bilingualism) and heritage-language bilinguals within the same sociolinguistic environment. We assessed the prevalence, predictors, and motivations of parental language mixing and

SUBMITTER: Paquette A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12561030 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature