Biomarkers in Lupus Nephritis: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review.

ABSTRACT: Background and Objectives: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Biomarkers derived from blood, urine, and multi-omics techniques are essential for enabling access to less invasive methods for LN evaluation and personalized precision medicine. Materials and Methods: The purpose of this work was to review the studies that addressed the potential role of urinary and serological biomarkers for the diagnosis, disease activity, response to treatment, and renal outcome of adult patients with LN, published over the past decade, and summarize their results with a particular emphasis being directed towards the available traditional tools. Results: Traditional biomarkers used for the diagnosis and su

SUBMITTER: Vrabie A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12565261 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature