<i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> D1 Fermented Milk Confers Protection Against Typhoid Fever Through Immunomodulation and Gut Microbiota Regulation in Mice.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the protective effect of fermented milk by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus D1 in a murine model of Typhoid fever, focusing on cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and microbiota modulation. BALB/c mice were pre-treated with milk fermented by L. rhamnosus D1 prior to Salmonella Typhimurium challenge. Outcomes assessed included survival, weight change, bacterial translocation, mRNA expression of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides, in addition to gut microbiota modulation. Mice receiving fermented milk exhibited higher survival rates, reduced bacterial translocation and attenuated weight loss compared to controls. mRNA expression analyses revealed that L. rhamnosus D1 pre-treatment suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ,

SUBMITTER: Acurcio L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12565942 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature