Integrating UHPLC-QE-MS and Bioinformatics with Experimental Validation Reveals MAPK/FOS-Mediated Podocyte Apoptosis as the Key Mechanism of <i>Alpiniae oxyphyllae</i> and <i>Saposhnikovia divaricata</i> in Treating Diabetic Kidney Disease.

ABSTRACT: Background: Alpiniae oxyphyllae-Saposhnikovia divaricata (AS), a traditional Chinese dietary supplement, exhibits potential therapeutic effects against diabetic kidney disease (DKD), though its active compounds and mechanisms require elucidation. Methods: Animal experiments integrated with UHPLC-QE-MS, bioinformatics, and experimental validation were employed to investigate AS's pharmacodynamic basis against DKD. Results: Thirty-nine compounds were identified in AS, including four key flavonoids (daidzein, kaempferol, tectoridin, baicalin). Bioinformatics screening revealed 516 potential AS targets from PubChem/TCMSP/ETCM databases. Analysis of the GEO dataset (GSE30529) identified 482 DKD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Venny 2.1 analysis yielded

SUBMITTER: Wang X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12567254 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature