Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Iron, and Zinc in Relation to Anemia Risk: Observational Evidence and Mendelian Randomization.

ABSTRACT: Background: Anemia remains an important public health problem worldwide. Investigating the potential influencing factors of anemia can provide a reference for improving anemia status. This study aimed to identify factors influencing anemia in school-age children and assess associations/causal relationships between micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin D, iron, and zinc) and anemia risk. Methods: This study included 1725 school-age children. Factors associated with anemia were identified using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. Associations of serum micronutrients with anemia were analyzed, and non-linear relationships were examined. Causality was assessed using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Results: Daytime outdoor activity, milk consumption,

SUBMITTER: Tang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12567539 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature