Multilevel Interventions Aimed at Improving HPV Immunization Coverage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-attributable cancers are a major public health problem worldwide. However, HPV vaccination rates vary significantly and are often not optimal. This study aimed to assess the effects of multilevel interventions on improving HPV vaccination.

Methods

A systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were carried out, taking into account randomized controlled trials. Outcomes of interest were HPV vaccination initiation and completion. A random-effect meta-analysis using the generic inverse variance method was carried out, with a risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) as the pooled effect estimate.

Results

A literature search identified 15 relevant studies, all conducted in high-income countries. Multilevel int

SUBMITTER: Ilic I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12567594 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature