Development and validation of a self-reported scale for difficulty in activities of daily living among older adults.

ABSTRACT: Population aging demands tools that capture not only observed dependence but also perceived difficulty, an area where validated Spanish-language instruments remain scarce. To develop and psychometrically validate the Difficulty Scale for Activities of Daily Living (EDAAD), a self-administered, Spanish-language instrument that measures perceived difficulty across basic, instrumental, and advanced ADLs in community-dwelling older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Biobío Region (Chile) using multi-stage, stratified random sampling at the commune-block-household levels. Trained interviewers administered face-to-face surveys between October 2022 and February 2023. Independence was screened with the Chilean EFAM-A scale, including only participants scoring ≥ 43 points. The fina

SUBMITTER: Briede-Westermeyer JC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12568947 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature