Elevated Prolactin Levels Are Associated With Increased Severity and Psychiatric Symptoms in Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Autoimmune encephalitis, predominantly anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, is a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorder. Prolactin (PRL), a pro-inflammatory hormone implicated in autoimmune pathogenesis, may play a role in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, though its clinical relevance remains unclear.

Methods

Serum PRL levels were compared between anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients and healthy controls (HCs). Correlations between PRL levels and disease severity were analyzed. Subgroup analyses were performed based on clinical manifestations, tumor comorbidity, ICU admission, disease severity, and MRI abnormalities. Longitudinal PRL levels and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were evaluated in 28 patients during follow-up. In addition, as

SUBMITTER: Ma X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12571974 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature