Clinical Benefits of Combination Immunotherapy Over Standard Immunotherapy Monotherapy in Previously Treated Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor monotherapy is the standard second-line treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the clinical response and survival outcomes still remain unsatisfactory. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of combined immunotherapy strategies in previously treated ESCC patients.

Methods and materials

Studies involving previously treated ESCC patients treated with either combined immunotherapy or PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy as second- or later-line treatment were searched up to November 30, 2023. Pooled rates of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were compared.

Resu

SUBMITTER: Chen Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12572628 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature