Integrated assessment of non-invasive diagnostic tools for bladder cancer: a network meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Bladder cancer is a common and recurrent urologic malignancy. Although cystoscopy remains the diagnostic gold standard, its invasiveness, high cost, and limited patient compliance restrict its routine application. Non-invasive biomarkers have emerged as promising alternatives; however, their diagnostic performance has not yet been systematically compared across studies.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for publications available until February 21, 2025. A total of 26 original studies on non-invasive diagnostic methods for bladder cancer were included. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to compare biomarkers derived from urine and blood samples. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using sensitivity, specifici

SUBMITTER: Zhang D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12575194 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature