Improving pain management for murine orthotopic xenograft models of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

ABSTRACT: Despite ongoing research, realistic in vitro models for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that can mimic the complex pathology are still not available, highlighting the need for continuous animal-based investigation. As part of the 3R principles, constant refinement of animal experiments is mandatory. Therefore, reviewing the effectiveness of used analgesics is essential for animal model-specific refinement. Here we evaluate whether metamizole-previously used in our institute-or tramadol is more suitable as on-demand analgesia in mouse models of ALL. The murine orthotopic xenograft models were induced by intravenous injection of either the human precursor ALL cell lines RS4;11 or SEM into immune-deficient male and female NSG mice. Mice were weighed and checked daily for basic behavior and

SUBMITTER: Schreiber T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12575361 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature