Light at night exposure and risk of depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Depression is a common mental disorder, and emerging evidence suggests a link between light at night (LAN) exposure and increased risk. This meta-analysis systematically synthesises the accumulating evidence on the LAN-depression relationship.

Methods

We systematically examined PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Weipu databases up to June 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. The combined effect size was calculated based on a random-effects model. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed through Cochran's Q test and I² statistic. Subgroup analyses were performed on types of LAN exposure, participant age categories, sample size, LAN exposure assessment and geographical regions. The study was registered on the international prospectiv

SUBMITTER: Li X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12576862 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature