Non-linear relationship between liver fibrosis and femoral neck bone mineral density in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

While both metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and osteoporosis are closely linked to metabolic disorders, their relationship remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between liver fibrosis and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) in MAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM-MAFLD) and to evaluate metabolic influences.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively enrolled 569 hospitalized T2DM-MAFLD patients between September 2018 and May 2021. Liver fibrosis was assessed using the Fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4), and femoral neck BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Generalized additive models evaluated non-linear relationships, piecewise linear regression identified threshold effects, and stratifi

SUBMITTER: Tao J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12578672 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature