The Impact of Intraoperative Radiotherapy on Margin Positive Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of The National Cancer Database.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is utilized as an adjunctive treatment in advanced rectal cancer, particularly in cases with threatened surgical margins. Although IORT has shown benefits in enhancing local tumor control, its impact on overall survival (OS) remains unclear. This study assesses the effect of IORT on survival outcomes using a large cohort from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and examines factors influencing its application in clinical practice across the United States.

Methods

The National Cancer Database was retrospectively reviewed (2006-2019) to identify patients with pathological T3-T4, M0 rectal cancer who underwent surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with microscopically residual margin-positive were included and categorize

SUBMITTER: Erkaya M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12579357 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature