Temporal displacement of the mammal community in a protected area due to hunting and recreational activities.

ABSTRACT: Recreation (i.e., hiking and biking) and hunting can occur simultaneously in time and space, and both sources of disturbance affect wildlife behavior, leading to reactions resembling anti-predator behavior. However, the additive effects of lethal and non-lethal human disturbances on wildlife are only beginning to be understood, and research on the impact of hunting on non-target species is limited. Recreation and hunting commonly co-occur in areas where wildlife is present, and understanding their combined effects on wildlife behavior is crucial for protected area management. Using records from 122 camera traps placed along trails and in surrounding forests, we assessed the effect of varying intensities of hunting and recreation over space and time on the temporal activity of red deer (Cer

SUBMITTER: Peters A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12580470 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature