Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances during fetal development and risk of testicular germ cell cancer in adulthood.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) originates during fetal life. Fetal exposure to environmental chemicals may contribute to its development, but epidemiological data are lacking. We investigated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which can act as endocrine disruptors during fetal development, and TGCC risk in adulthood.

Methods

We conducted a nested case-control study of 549 mother-male offspring pairs (103 TGCC cases, 446 matched controls). The source population included over 100,000 pregnant women with biobanked serum samples collected during 1985-1994, a period before PFAS restrictions. Male offspring were followed for up to 38 years, and TGCC cases were identified from the Danish Cancer Registry based on histological confirmation. Eight PFAS were qua

SUBMITTER: Uldbjerg CS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12580792 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature