Apigenin regulates CCR5/JAK1/STAT1/MMPs signaling to alleviate secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage and its enhanced delivery via targeted nanoparticles.

ABSTRACT: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a severe cerebrovascular disorder with high mortality, leads to secondary brain injury (SBI) primarily through neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Among the pathological cascades, excessive activation of macrophages and the CCR5/JAK1/STAT1/MMPs signaling pathway play pivotal roles in amplifying neuronal damage. Apigenin (API), a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, has emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate to counteract these processes. In this study, we developed apigenin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles functionalized with DSPE-PEG2000-RVG29 and DSPE-PEG2000-folic acid (RVG/FA-NPs@API) to achieve targeted delivery to inflammatory macrophages and investigated their therapeutic effects against SBI a

SUBMITTER: Wu JW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12581571 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature