Scoping review of associations between cytochrome P450 3A4/5 single nucleotide polymorphisms and risk factors for fentanyl overdose.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Fentanyl overdose is a public health crisis in the United States, as fentanyl was implicated in nearly 70% of drug overdose deaths in 2023. To provide insight into genetic factors that may influence risk of fentanyl overdose, we conducted a scoping review of associations between cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and 3A5 (CYP3A5) genetic variants and relevant phenotypes.

Areas covered

We searched databases through August 2025 for peer-reviewed studies of human subjects or postmortem samples, and integrated evidence from 64 genetic association studies that analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP3A4 or CYP3A5. We considered a diverse range of phenotypes relevant to fentanyl overdose, including opioid overdose, fentanyl pharmacokinetics and pharmaco

SUBMITTER: Petrovitch D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12582058 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul-Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature