The mixed-meal tolerance test as an appetite assay: methodological and practical considerations.

ABSTRACT: Appetite control is a topic which attracts widespread interest given its importance to energy balance and obesity. In this research area, the mixed-meal tolerance test (MM-TT) has emerged as an 'appetite regulation assay', facilitating the dynamic assessment of appetite parameters (e.g. subjective appetite perceptions, appetite-related hormones, food reward) in response to an individual meal. The MM-TT is commonly employed in observational and experimental studies to examine population differences and intervention effects. Problematically, no practice standard exists for the MM-TT and protocols vary widely. This presents a challenge for researchers designing new MM-TTs and hampers the comparability of findings. Therefore, within this narrative review we sought to identify and discuss key m

SUBMITTER: King JA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12583139 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature