ZNFX1 functions as a compensatory dsRNA recognition receptor to exert antiviral effect in orange-spotted grouper.

ABSTRACT: Zinc finger NFX1-type containing 1 (ZNFX1) has been established as a critical mediator of the antiviral response in mammals, functioning through dsRNA recognition and priority activation of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway. However, the role of its fish ortholog, particularly in relation to aquatic virus interactions, remains elusive. The absence of the RIG-I homolog, a key pattern recognition receptor, in multiple Actinopterygii may compromise their innate antiviral immune responses. Here, ZNFX1 in Epinephelus coioides (EcZNFX1) is identified as an evolutionarily primitive, interferon (IFN)-stimulated dsRNA sensor that compensates for the absence of RIG-I in Actinopterygii. EcZNFX1 is rapidly upregulated by orange-spotted grouper nervous nec

SUBMITTER: Zheng R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12585102 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature