Sex differences in the combined effect of diabetes and frailty on all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Diabetes and frailty are common in older adults and independently associated with all-cause mortality. Sex-stratified analyses indicate that the mortality risk associated with frailty is higher in men, whereas that associated with diabetes is higher in women. This study investigates sex differences in the combined effect of diabetes and frailty on mortality.

Methods

The Berlin Initiative (cohort) study assessed frailty and diabetes at the third follow-up visit. Participants (women and men ≥75 years) were categorized by frailty and diabetes status and followed-up until death or dataset closure (March 2023; median follow-up 6.0 years). Sex-stratified Cox regressions estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause mortality. Interactio

SUBMITTER: Mielke N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12588834 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature