Physical constraints and environmental factors shape phloem anatomical traits in woody angiosperm species.

ABSTRACT: Xylem trait studies have enhanced our understanding of how plants strategically adapt their morphological and anatomical features to diverse climates. Despite the importance of the phloem in plant functioning, similar studies of phloem traits are lacking. To tackle this knowledge gap, we analyzed phloem anatomical traits of woody angiosperm species in relation to climate and the distance of samples to the stem tip. We collected main stem or branch cross-sections of 188 angiosperm woody species, which represent a wide range of climates and diverse families. Measurements of xylem vessel and phloem sieve element diameter, density, and lumen fraction were used in phylogenetic structural equation models to disentangle internal and climatic constraints on their morphological and anatomical featu

SUBMITTER: Wang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12589700 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature