Changes in HIV-1 Reservoir Dynamics After Mpox Infection.

ABSTRACT: In May 2022, a large outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) occurred in several non-endemic regions worldwide. Another outbreak in 2024 raised global concerns, particularly for immunocompromised individuals like people with HIV (PWH). Since the latent HIV-1 reservoir remains a major barrier to a cure, we investigated how past mpox infection affected reservoir dynamics in this population. PWH who had mpox at an average of 9 months before sampling showed a significantly smaller HIV-1 reservoir than MPXV-unexposed PWH. This reduction was accompanied by enhanced antigen-driven proviral reactivation in CD4+ T cells, especially central memory cells (TCM), and increased expression of T-cell activation and proliferation markers like CD32 and Ki67. Mpox also induced sustained immune stress, as reflecte

SUBMITTER: Casado-Fernandez G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12595786 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature