Extramedullary metastasis of the hilar bile duct in multiple myeloma: a case report and literature review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) is defined by the infiltration of malignant plasma cells into non-osseous tissues. Its co-occurrence with hilar cholangiocarcinoma remains extraordinarily rare. This diagnostic overlap poses substantial clinical risks, as misclassification of EMM as biliary carcinoma may lead to inappropriate surgical interventions and delayed systemic therapy, ultimately compromising patient survival. Therefore, we report this case of misdiagnosis to help reduce the rate of misdiagnoses in the future.

Case description

A 72-year-old male with λ multiple myeloma (MM) (type III, Group B) presented with painless jaundice and weight loss. Laboratory findings revealed obstructive jaundice [total bilirubin (TBIL) 312.3 mg/dL, direct bilirubin (DBIL)

SUBMITTER: Liu F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12598419 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature