Current status and future prospects of non-toxicity carbon-dot-based miniaturized lasers.

ABSTRACT: With rapid advances in on-chip photonic integration and flexible optoelectronic devices, miniaturized laser devices are increasingly desired for various fields including optical communication, biosensing and biomedicine. However, a major barrier to their industrial deployment is the development of solution-processable gain media that are affordable, non-toxic and highly stable. Conventional solution-processable gain media often exhibit high toxicity and limited optical stability, considerably restricting their scalability and practical use. Carbon dots (CDs), as emerging solution-processable gain media, offer a compelling solution for developing environmentally friendly miniaturized lasers owing to their simple synthesis, affordability, non-toxicity, high biocompatibility, superior stabili

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12598612 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature