Unveiling the causal relationships between circulating metabolites and intelligence: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Observational studies suggest a link between circulating metabolites and intelligence. Nevertheless, the causal association between circulating metabolites and intelligence has not been elucidated. Thus, we performed a 2-sample MR study to assess the influence of circulating metabolites on intelligence. The causal relationships between circulating metabolites and intelligence are determined by using a bidirectional MR analysis. We drew on summary statistics from the circulating metabolites (19,273 individuals) and intelligence (2,69,867 individuals) genome-wide association study on individuals of European ancestry. To estimate a causal effect, we conducted inverse variance weighted, Egger regression (MR-Egger), weighted median, weighted model, and simple mode for the MR analysis. We carrie

SUBMITTER: Liu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12599776 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature