The impact of proton pump inhibitor exposure on pneumonia: an updated meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and pneumonia risk remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis explores the impact of PPI use on the risk of pneumonia.

Methods

We systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane Library from January 2000 to March 2025. Relative ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to quantify the association between proton pump inhibitor use and pneumonia incidence.

Results

The analysis included 20 RCTs involving 29,100 participants. Compared to the non-PPI group, the PPI-exposed group showed a higher incidence of pneumonia in the general population (RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.99-1.21, p = 0.07) and for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) (RR = 1.12, 9

SUBMITTER: Wu Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12602524 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature