<i>In Situ</i> Chemical Oxidation of Nonionic Organic Contaminants: The Effect of Soil Organic Matter and Minerals on Stoichiometric Efficiency.

ABSTRACT: Most dissolved organic contaminants readily react with sulfate radicals (SO₄^•-) formed when persulfate is activated by thermolysis or base addition during in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO). However, under conditions encountered in the subsurface, hydrophobic contaminants associate with particles. To determine the potential of solids to protect contaminants from oxidation, we measured the stoichiometric efficiency (i.e., moles of contaminant transformed per mole of SO₄^•-) for a homologous series of chlorinated benzenes using solid-to-water ratios approaching subsurface conditions. Sorption to inorganic surfaces (i.e., sand and clays) reduced the stoichiometric efficiency by 3 orders of magnitude relative to contaminants in solution. At low

SUBMITTER: Salazar JS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12604645 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature