Phillygenin Improves the Focal Adhesion Kinase/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β/β-Catenin Axis to Promote Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation.

ABSTRACT: Forsythiae Fructus, a traditional herb known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has demonstrated inconclusive effects on bone metabolism in prior studies. The aim of this study is to investigate whether phillygenin (PHI), an active component of Forsythiae Fructus, promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by modulating the FAK/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis. Experimental procedure: In vivo, an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model was employed to mimic postmenopausal bone loss. In vitro, osteoclastogenesis was evaluated using tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) enzymatic assays, while osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S (ARS) staining. Cell proliferation and via

SUBMITTER: Yang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12605709 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature