The granulomatous pulmonary nodules induced by tislelizumab in advanced squamous NSCLC: a case report with challenging differential diagnosis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as the programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), leading to remarkable improvements in survival and long-term disease control. Despite the aforementioned advances, the clinical application of ICIs remains frequently associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which have the potential to affect multiple organ systems. irAEs involving the lungs, particularly granulomatous inflammation, remain rare and diagnostically challenging.

Case description

A 59-year-old Chinese male with stage IVA squamous NSCLC developed new pulmonary nodules after three cycles of tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy. Initial suspicion of infection led to empiri

SUBMITTER: Ma Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12605739 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature