Trigonometric gradient microstructures in additively manufactured single crystals enable strength-ductility synergy and programmable performance.

ABSTRACT: Additively manufactured (AM) single crystals (SXs) show great promise for extreme-environment applications. AM process enhances gradient microstructures around dendrites, including dislocation densities, matrix channel width, precipitate area, and elemental concentrations. Here, we leverage a unified trigonometric function describing all gradient microstructures in AM SXs, to quantify their effects and enable programmable performance. We reveal that trigonometric gradient microstructures (TGMs) can overcome strength-ductility trade-off, particularly at elevated temperatures. In contrast, conventional gradient microstructures requiring post-treatment improve strength at the expense of ductility. This benefit is attributed to the superposition relationship between initial density-graded disl

SUBMITTER: Guo Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12606096 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature