Minimal association between Th1-specific responses to COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease-modifying therapies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted challenges in managing patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), as disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) can interfere with immune responses to infections and vaccines.

Objective

This study investigates the spike-specific T-cell response after the third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in PwMS undergoing DMTs, evaluating different cytokines, beyond IFN-γ, and exploring their potential association with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BI).

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 31 PwMS and 27 healthcare workers (HCWs). The spike-specific T-cell response was evaluated by measuring Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α) and IP-10 using an easy-to-use whole-blood assay.

Results

Most PwMS mounted a Wuhan spike-specific T-cell respon

SUBMITTER: Aiello A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12611814 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature