Heteroaromatic π-stacking engineered near-infrared absorption for highly stable near-zero transmittance electrochromic window.

ABSTRACT: Electrochromic (EC) devices based on structurally designable and color-tunable EC molecules can dynamically regulate light-heat transmittance via the charge-transfer mechanism, yet face challenges of limited near-infrared (NIR) absorption, long-term instability, and restricted modulation modes. Here, we show that π-stacking of heteroaromatic tri-pyridine molecules with a 1,3,5-triazine core (H-TriPy) enhances molecular conjugation, significantly augments NIR absorption, and enables dual-band modulation with improved visual comfort. The three pyridine-based redox centers facilitate multi-step electron transfer, enabling multi-modal EC regulation, including bright, cool, and dark modes. Incorporation of a fluorinated ionic liquid into EC organogels inhibits irreversible π-stacking of high-co

SUBMITTER: Wu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12612091 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature