Efficacy of intranasal esketamine versus rTMS for treatment-resistant depression: analysis of individual participant data from two clinical trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intranasal esketamine are effective treatment options for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) that have not been directly compared. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of rTMS, intranasal esketamine, and pharmacotherapy for TRD using data from two randomised clinical trials (RCTs).

Methods

This secondary analysis of individual patient data (IPD) included data from two large clinical trials for rTMS (THREE-D; non-inferiority RCT, four sites in Canada from Sept 2013 to Oct 2016, n = 388 eligible) and intranasal esketamine (TRANSFORM-2; superiority RCT, 39 sites across five countries from Aug 2015 to Nov 2017, n = 227 eligible) to compare efficacy for TRD (defined as non-response to at least one evidence-base

SUBMITTER: Kaster TS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12615302 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature