The efficacy of Pembrolizumab, Ipilimumab, and Nivolumab monotherapy and combination for colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with cases expected to rise 60% by 2030, especially in Asia. Metastatic CRC (mCRC) has a poor 5-year survival rate of 14%, posing a major treatment challenge. Tumors with DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) and a high level of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) respond well to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), shifting treatment strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate Pembrolizumab (PEM), Nivolumab (NIV), and Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab (NIV + IPI) for their promising antitumor efficacy in MSI-H/dMMR mCRC.

Methods

This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook standards, covering studies from 2014 to 2024 on advanced CRC patients

SUBMITTER: Adrianto AA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12617863 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature