Dietary profiles and associated metabolic risk factors in India from the ICMR-INDIAB survey-21.

ABSTRACT: Rapid dietary transitions in India have been associated with an alarming rise in cardiometabolic diseases. Using data from the national Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes survey (18,090 adults), we examined India's dietary profile and the effect of isocaloric substitution of carbohydrates with other macronutrients on metabolic risk. Indian diets are characterized by high intakes of low-quality carbohydrates (white rice, milled whole grains and added sugar), high levels of saturated fat and low intakes of protein. Compared to those with the least carbohydrate intakes, those with the highest intakes had higher risk of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D; odds ratio (OR) = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14,1.47), prediabetes (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06,1.33), generalized

SUBMITTER: Anjana RM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12618255 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature