Pharmacological management of upper gastrointestinal Crohn's disease: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Upper gastrointestinal Crohn's disease (UGICD) is an uncommon phenotype with limited management guidelines. We reviewed evidence on the safety and efficacy of pharmacological interventions for UGICD.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL (1990-2025) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative observational studies evaluating pharmacological or dietary interventions for UGICD, including esophagus to jejunum. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). Primary outcomes were clinical remission and response. Due to limited, heterogeneous evidence, data are summarized descriptively.

Results

Of 1207 citations, 11 observational studies (nine retrospective, two prospective) and post-hoc

SUBMITTER: Chatto M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12619974 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature