Burden of Breast Cancer and Its Attributable Risk Factors in the Belt and Road Initiative Countries, 1990-2021.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study evaluated the burden of breast cancer (BC) in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and risk factors, aiming to guide health promotion.

Methods

Data from 66 BRI countries were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Trends in age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality (ASMR) were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Associations with the Social Development Index (SDI) and attributable risk factors were also examined.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, global ASIR rose from 21.38 to 24.56 per 100 000 (EAPC = 0.38), while ASMR declined by 0.59% annually; BRI countries showed similar trends. In 1990, Greece had the highest ASIR and Israel the highest ASMR, whereas Banglades

SUBMITTER: Wang T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12620255 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature