Magnetically Controlled Microrobots for In Vivo Non-Invasive Embryo Transfer.

ABSTRACT: Infertility affects millions worldwide and is often linked to factors such as poor sperm quality and female reproductive organ disorders. Despite significant advancements in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), implantation rates remain low, ranging from 17 to 21% after three days of incubation, mainly due to stress, lifestyle factors, and uterine conditions. Extended embryo culture techniques have shown promise in improving pregnancy rates. However, the availability of high-quality blastocysts remains a major challenge. Intrafallopian transfer techniques, such as gamete/zygote intrafallopian transfer (GIFT/ZIFT), were introduced to improve fertilization and early embryo development, particularly for patients with repeated embryo implantation failure (1

SUBMITTER: Aziz A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12621706 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature