Protective Role of Serum β-Hydroxybutyrate in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Longitudinal Study.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB), the most stable form of ketone bodies, has exhibited protective effects in metabolic and chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between fasting serum βHB levels, measured at baseline in drug-naïve state, and the risk of proteinuria in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Methods

In this longitudinal study involving 280 patients, baseline fasting serum βHB levels, urine protein parameters, and metabolic parameters were evaluated. To monitor the development of albuminuria (spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 30.0 mg/gCr) or proteinuria (spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio > 0.15 g/gCr), patients with normal baseline levels were followed for a mean of 2.40 ± 1.40 years.

Results

Patients were cl

SUBMITTER: Kim SR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12623558 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature