Box-Behnken design approach for optimizing the removal of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from environmental water samples using magnetic nanocomposite.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the removal of naproxen (NAP) and diclofenac (DIC) from aqueous solutions using an Fe3O4/ZnO/GO magnetic composite. The effects of solution pH, ultrasonic irradiation time, FZG composite amount, and initial drug concentration were studied in a batch system using a Box-Behnken design to evaluate adsorption performance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results confirmed the high validity of the proposed model (R² > 0.99). Under optimal conditions (a solution pH rate of 6, an ultrasonic irradiation time of 20 min, an FZG composite amount of 0.023 g, and an initial drug concentration of 35 mg L⁻¹), the removal efficiencies for NAP and DIC reached 94.85% and 96.60%, respectively. The adsorbent's reusability was assessed over five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles, dis

SUBMITTER: Yan C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12623782 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature