Reliability and validity of virtual reality box & block test in healthy adults and patients with stroke: a prospective, multi-center, exploratory, cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool, offering immersive environments, real-time feedback, and kinematic data to support both evaluation and training in rehabilitation. The Box and Block Test (BBT) is a simple yet well-validated clinical tool commonly used to assess upper extremity function. This study aimed to develop and validate two versions of the virtual reality Box & Block Test (VR-BBT) in healthy adults and patients with stroke.

Methods

Participants completed the conventional BBT as well as two versions of a VR-BBT developed for this study: a physical interaction version (VR-PI) and a non-physical interaction version (VR-N). Primary outcome measures included the number of blocks transferred in the BBT, VR-PI, and VR-N. In patients with strok

SUBMITTER: Yun SJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12625187 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature