Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride, a Preservative in Topical Drugs, on the Barrier Function of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To assess the influence of varying concentrations of benzalkonium chloride (BAK), the predominant preservative utilized in ophthalmic formulations, on the barrier integrity and mitochondrial function of primary cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs).

Methods

Primary HCEC monolayers were exposed to BAK at concentrations ranging from 0.02% to 0.00002%. The barrier function was monitored using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS), where a decrease in electrical resistance signified a loss of barrier function. Mitochondrial function was evaluated after 24 hours of BAK exposure with the Seahorse XFe96 Flux Analyzer, which measured basal respiration, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and maximal respiration.

Results

High BAK concentration

SUBMITTER: Zheng X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12629134 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature