Risk Factors for Introduction of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Japanese Commercial Layer Farms During the 2022-2023 Epidemic: A Case-Control Study.

ABSTRACT: Japan experienced its largest outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) during the 2022-2023 season, with 84 cases on poultry farms and the culling of more than 17 million birds. Commercial layer farms were the most affected, with 58 cases caused by the H5N1 subtype of the HPAI virus. To identify the risk factors and support future outbreak preparedness, a case-control study was conducted. All 58 affected commercial layer farms were designated as case farms, whereas 26 unaffected farms located within a 5 km radius of the case farms served as control farms. Data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire for the control farms and from on-site investigation records for the case farms. For control farms, all poultry barns on the premises were included, where

SUBMITTER: Kondo S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12629688 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature