Molecular Epidemiology and Control Strategies for BVDV: A Global Systematic Review From 2000 to 2025.

ABSTRACT: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) remains a significant and highly contagious pathogen that markedly impacts production and reproductive performances of different animals worldwide. This review represents the global epidemiology of BVDV, emphasizing its genetic diversity, prevalence, host range, associated risk factors, diagnostic advancements, and control strategies. A systematic electronic search was performed to retrieve relevant published articles. A total of 248 studies published over the past 26 years (from January 2000 to March 2025) across 69 countries were included. Data showed that BVDV-1 has been detected across all the continents and comprises 25 subgenotypes (1a-1x and Chinese ZM-95), of which the predominant subgenotypes are 1a, 1b, and 1c. Multiple subgenotypes, such as BVD

SUBMITTER: Rana EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12629698 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature