Immunocyte lipid metabolic reprogramming: a novel pathway for targeted intervention in autoimmune diseases.

ABSTRACT: Lipids orchestrate immune signaling beyond structure and energy. In autoimmune diseases (ADs), immune cells rewire fatty-acid and cholesterol pathways under microenvironmental pressures, creating pharmacologically actionable dependencies. This metabolic dysregulation is not merely a passive consequence of immune activation but is a key driver of disease progression. This review synthesizes evidence from human and preclinical studies to systematically outline the core regulatory networks of lipid metabolism. It further dissects the role of lipid metabolism in reshaping the functions of T cells, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and delineates its organ-specific dysregulation in various ADs (e.g., synovium, skin, central nervous system, gut). Rather than blanket immunosuppression, w

SUBMITTER: Cui Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12631377 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature