Gold Nanoparticles SERS in the Nephritis Diagnosis in Lupus Patients from Urine.

ABSTRACT: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder whose most severe complicationnephritis in lupus patientsdrives much of the disease's morbidity and mortality. NL is still confirmed by a renal biopsy, an invasive test unsuitable for frequent monitoring. Here, we present a rapid, minimally invasive alternative based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of urine, amplified with citrate-reduced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and interpreted by partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We acquired SERS spectra from 235 urine samples: 72 healthy controls (C), 70 SLE patients without nephritis (L), and 93 biopsy-confirmed Nephritis in Lupus patients (NL). Three binary PLS-DA models were trained and validated by cross-validation (CV) and external prediction through

SUBMITTER: Espinosa AC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12631459 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature